IGF-1

IGF-1

Molecular Weight:17,066
IGF-1 is a hormone similar in molecular structure to insulin. It plays an important role in childhood growth continues to have anabolic effects in adults. A synthetic analog of IGF-1, mecasermin is used fthe treatment of growth failure.

Therapeutic administration with neurotrophic proteins (IGF I) is associated with potential reversal of degeneration of spinal cord motneuron axons in certain peripheral neuropathies.

IGF-1 consists of 70 amino acids in a single chain with three intramolecular disulfide bridges. IGF-1 has a molecular weight of 17,066 daltons.

The Insulin-like Growth factors (IGFs) are mitogenic polypeptide growth factors that stimulate the proliferation survival of various cell types including muscle, bone, cartilage tissue in vitro. The liver predominantly produces iGFs, although a variety of tissues produce the IGFs at distinctive times. The IGFs belong to the Insulin gene family, which also contains insulin relaxin. The IGFs are similar by structure function to insulin, but have a much higher growth-promoting activity than insulin. IGF-II expression is influenced by placenta lactogen, while IGF-I expression is regulated by growth hormone. Both IGF-I IGF-II signal through the tyrosine kinase type I recept(IGF-IR), but, IGF-II can also signal through the IGF-II/Mannose-6-phosphate receptor. Proteolytic processing of inactive precursproteins, which contain N-terminal C-terminal propeptide regions, generates mature IGFs. Recombinant human IGF-I IGF-II are globular proteins containing 70 67 amino acids, respectively, 3 intra-molecular disulfide bonds.

IGF-I / IGF1 Protein Description
Insulin-like growth factI, also known as mechano growth factor, somatomedin-C, IGF-I IGF1, is a secreted protein which belongs to the insulin family. The insulin family, comprised of insulin, relaxin, insulin-like growth factors I II ( IGF-I IGF-II ) possibly the beta-subunit of 7S nerve growth factor, represents a group of structurally related polypeptides whose biological functions have diverged. The IGFs, somatomedins, constitute a class of polypeptides that have a key role in pre-adolescent mammalian growth. IGF-I expression is regulated by growth hormone mediates postnatal growth, while IGF-II appears to be induced by placental lactogen during prenatal development.

IGF1 / IGF-I may be a physiological regulatof [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. IGF1 / IGF-I stimulates glucose transport in rat bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. Defects in IGF1 / IGF-I are the cause of insulin-like growth factI deficiency (IGF1 deficiency) which is an autosomal recessive disorderacterized by growth retardation, sensorineural deafness mental retardation.

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